Shakedown analysis in poroplasticity by linear programming

Static (lower bound) and kinematic (upper bound) theorems for shakedown analysis (and limit analysis as special case) are presented for two-phase, fully saturated poroplastic solids in a context characterized by the following features: quasi-static, non-associative, non-softening (perfect or hardening) poroplasticity; piecewise linearized yield loci and hardening; constant permeability (linear #uid transport law); small deformations; non-traditional Galerkin "nite element discretization. With reference to cyclic (periodic) external actions, numerical examples centred on linear programming evidence the computational potentialities and limitations of &directʹ (non-evolutive) methods of integrity assessment according to limit-state design concepts in poroplasticity