Implicit solid, flow and flow-solid finite element approaches in blade forging simulation

A comparative theoretical and numerical study of the ow (rigid-plastic) and solid (elasto-plastic, in rate form) simulation approaches applied to the isothermal blade forging process for closing and opening of the dies is presented. In the rigid-plastic approach the solution is followed by an elasto-plastic solution in unloading (opening of the dies). The deformation of the billet, e ective plastic strains and stresses were compared between the two solutions in the closing of the dies and when the dies were opened. Furthermore, the ow–solid approach was used in simulating the process and then the results, including the time–load and time–volume curves, were compared with previous results. The cost was lower and the e ciency was superior in the suggested ow–solid approach