Estimation of Seismic Velocities from Deep Reflections in the t-p Domain

In deep reflection seismics the estimation of seismic velocities is hampered in most cases due to the low signal level with respect to noise. In the ‰-p domain, it is possible to perform the velocity analysis even under such unfavorable signal conditions. This is achieved by making use of special properties of the transform, which enhance the signal-to-noise ratio. Further noise suppression is realized by incorporating filter procedures into the transform algorithm. The velocity analysis itself is also done in the ‰-p domain by calculating and evaluating constant velocity gathers. The results can be directly used in the time domain. A mute algorithm, implemented into the ‰-p velocity analysis procedure, further reduces noise. This velocity estimation method is discussed with synthetic data and applied to DEKORP data.