LiMn2O4 electrode prepared by gold–titanium codeposition with improved cyclability

An LiMn2O4 electrode was prepared based on mixed-metals (gold–titanium) codeposition method. By this method, titanium oxide is also incorporated into the electroactive film formed on substrate electrode. Formation of titanium oxide on the spinel surface avoids dissolution of Mn from the spinel at elevated temperatures. TiO2can act as a bridge between the spinel particles to reduce the interparticle resistance and as a good material for the Li intercalation/deintercalation. Thus, electrochemical performance of the LiMn2O4 spinel can be improved by the surface modification with TiO2. This action improves cyclability for lithium battery performance and reduces capacity fades of LiMn2O4 at elevated temperatures.