A unified co-rotational framework for solids, shells and beams

The paper describes a unified framework for applying the co-rotational method to the analysis of solids, shells and beams. The general method stems from an unusual application of the technique which involves solid elements. The proposed framework allows a formulation that is simpler than many of the earlier procedures and, in addition, gives a direct indication of the terms in the tangent stiffness which may be ignored. Copyright 0 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd.