An elastic isotropic, plastic orthotropic constitutive model based on deviator transformations

strain space description of an elastic isotropic, plastic orthotropic constitutive model is presented, which introduces the plastic orthotropy into the classical .&theory by a transformation of the elastic strain deviator. The constitutive model is physically similar to Hill’s model, to which it is compared analytically. It is implemented in a sheet metal forming finite element program, of which simulation results on earing etfects are shown. The orthotropic plasticity algorithm resulting from the deviator transformation is an explicit constitutive algorithm and, therefore, numerically efficient. 0 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd