Excitatory amino acids and taurine levels in cerebrospinal fluid of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy in newborn

The recent studies indicating the transiently enhanced expression of excitatory amino acid receptors in hypoxia vulnerable brain regions and the elevated concentration of aspartate and glutamate in cerebrospinal fluid of asphyxiated newborns strongly suggest the role of excitatory amino acids in hypoxic ischemic brain damage in the developing human brain. In this study, we compared the concentrations of glutamate, aspartate, taurine and glycine in the cerebrospinal fluid of asphyxiated infants with values of a healthy control group. The concentrations of aspartate (5.82±3.36), glutamate (1.76±1.0) and taurine (9.32±9.1) were significantly elevated in cerebrospinal fluid of asphyxiated infants (P<0.05). When compared to the control group, the high levels of aspartate was correlated with the degrees of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and the varying outcome. The high levels of aspartate and glutamate in the asphyxiated patients adds further evidence to the role of excitotoxicity in hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. The mental and motor development of the patients in asphyxiated group was followed for 3 years.