Hot-air ballooning injuries in the United Kingdom (January 1976–January 2004)

Objectives: Injuries due to hot-air ballooning accidents are uncommon but may be severe. In this study we examined the factors contributing to ballooning accidents in the UK and the type of injuries sustained. Methods: The post-investigation reports of ballooning accidents from 1976 to 2004 were reviewed. They were analysed to determine type and severity of injuries, phase of flight at time of accident and causative or contributory factors. Results: Sixty-one people were seriously injured in 98 ballooning accidents, with 2 fatalities. The majority of these accidents occurred during the approach and landing phase of flight. Ground collisions and crashes with power lines accounted for the majority of accidents. Adverse weather conditions were present in a significant number of crashes. Equipment failure was an uncommon cause of accidents. Fractures and burns were the most common form of injuries sustained. Conclusions: Changes in design and materials used, as well as adherence to specific recommended safety protocols, may aid to decrease the risk of severe burns in ballooning accidents. We discuss these factors illustrated by our experience of the worst recorded ballooning accident in Britain