Regional Remodeling of Atherosclerotic Arteries: Major Determinant of Clinical Manifestations of Disease

In this review we present the current dat on remodeling, based on in vivo ultrasound imaging or postmortem histologic analysis of native peripheral and coronary arteries from animal models and studies in patients (coronary artery saphenous vein bypass grafts, lesions of restenosis after balloon angioplasty and other catheter-based interventions). Histologic and ultrasound imaging studies of arteries with atherosclerosis and after vascular injury reveal that arterial remodeling is common and that the cross-sectional are of the vessel is not constant. Compensatory enlargement, inadequate compensatory enlargement and shrinkage at the site of atherosclerotic lesions occurs in coronary and peripheral arteries. Current studies demonstrate that arterial remodeling is major determinant of vessel lumen size.