Lithium intercalation/deintercalation in transition metal oxides investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy has been used to investigate the lithium deintercalation and the lithium intercalation processes, respectively, in LiCoO2 and in MO3 compounds (M=W, Mo). The changes occurring in metal and oxygen core-electron spectra as in valence spectra have been analysed. Beside an expected contribution of metal atoms in the oxidation/reduction processes for LiCoO2 and LiMO3 compounds, the results have provided informations on the open question of the implication of the anions in these processes.