Borrelia burgdorferi central nervous system infection presenting as an organic schizophrenialike disorder

Background: We report on a 42-year-old female patient who presented with a schizophreniform disorder and complete relief of symptoms after specific therapy. Methods: Cerebrospinal fluid and magnetic resonance imaging findings led to the diagnosis of Lyme disease. Results: To our knowledge this is the first reported case with an exclusive psychiatric manifestation of Lyme disease. Conclusions: In case of first manifestation of psychotic disorder, although neurological symptoms are lacking, Lyme disease should be considered and be excluded by cerebrospinal fluid analysis.