Antigen processing in the endocytic compartment

Proteolysis generates the peptides that bind to class II MHC molecules and, by destruction of the invariant chain, prepares the class II MHC molecule for capture of those peptides. A clearer picture is emerging of the proteases, protease inhibitors and other factors that together control the environment for class II MHC peptide loading. However, the details of invariant-chain processing and antigen processing may differ depending on the allele of class II and the antigen substrate under consideration.