Experimental investigation and thermodynamic modeling of the Cu–Mn–Ni system

The phase equilibria of the ternary Cu–Mn–Ni system in the region above 40 at.% Mn at 600 ring operatorC were investigated by means of optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and electron probe microanalysis. The isothermal section of the Cu–Mn–Ni system at 600 ring operatorC consists of 4 two-phase regions (cbcc_A12 +fcc_A1, cub_A13 +fcc_A1, cbcc_A12 + cub_A13, L10 +fcc_A1) and 1 three-phase region (cbcc_A12 +cub_A13 +fcc_A1). The disordered fcc_A1 phase exhibits a large continuous solution between γ(Cu,Ni) and γ(Mn). The L10 phase only equilibrates with fcc_A1 phase, and the solubility of Cu in L10 phase is up to 16 at.%. A thermodynamic modeling for this system was performed by considering reliable literature data and incorporating the current experimental results. A self-consistent set of thermodynamic parameters was obtained, and the calculated results show a general agreement with the experimental data.