TENORM in the oil, gas and mineral mining industry

The activity levels and/or availability of naturally occurring radionuclides can be significantly altered by processes in the Oil Gas and Mineral mining industries. The activity levels can be well in excess of those laid down internationally as requiring precautions against exposure to be instigated. Often the end user is unaware of the presence of radioactive materials and takes no precautions at all. Levels to be found in the different industries are described and the problems experienced in dealing with them discussed, particularly when members of the public can be exposed.