The bias in radiation diagnosis of fluctuating voids

The error due to void distributions and fluctuations in void fraction determinations in two-phase-flow systems employing radiation beams is shown to be largest when there are fluctuations along and across the beam. However, the error varies in contrasting manner with the dimensions of the void along and across the beam; it increases with the dimension along the beam but decreases with the dimension across the beam. The error also increases with the amplitude of the fluctuation and with other parameters.