Conditions which promote mineralization at the bone-implant interface: a model in vitro study

This in vitro study was an investigation of osteoblast functions on glass substrates modified with the bioactive peptide Arg---Gly---Asp---Ser (RGDS) in the absence and presence of recombinant human Osteogenic Protein-1 (OP-1); control substrates were plain glass, glass modified with amine groups, and glass modified with the non-adhesive peptide Arg-Asp-Gly-Ser. In serum-free cell culture medium, osteoblasts adhered in greater numbers (P < 0.1) to glass modified with RGDS, compared to adhesion on all other substrate types tested in the present study. In the presence of serum proteins, osteoblasts adhered similarly to all substrate types examined, in the absence or presence of 100ng ml − 1 OP-1. The presence of 100ng ml − 1 OP-1 inhibited (P < 0.1) 72 h proliferation of sparsely seeded (2500 cells cm − 2) cultures on all substrates examined in the present study. OP-1 (100ng ml − 1) promoted 21 day mineralization on all substrates examined; in addition, mineralization was further enhanced in osteoblast cultures grown on glass modified with the adhesive peptide RGDS. The present study establishes conditions which can be utilized in the design of dental/orthopaedic biomaterials which elicit timely, specific responses from surrounding bone tissue.