An open clinical trial of cognitive-behaviour therapy in children and adolescents with obsessive–compulsive disorder administered in regular outpatient clinics

The aim of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of manual-guided cognitive-behaviour therapy (CBT) for childhood obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) administered within three regular, i.e., non-academic, Norwegian outpatient child psychiatric clinics. Methods A total of 28 youngsters, aged 8–17 with primary OCD entered the study. Assessment at intake included Norwegian versions of the K-SADS-PL, Childrenʹs Yale–Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS), and a measure of OCD-specific functional impairment (Child OCD Impact Scale (COIS)). Therapy consisted of 12 manual-guided sessions with combined individual and family CBT-based interventions and was conducted by psychologists and physicians under training and supervision. Outcome was assessed after treatment and at 3- and 6-month follow-ups by means of the CY-BOCS, the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) and the CGI-Improvement scales, and the COIS. Results Twenty-four youngsters (86%) completed treatment and were available for the follow-up assessments. Significant improvements were found on all outcome measures after treatment, including a mean symptom reduction on the CY-BOCS of 60.6%, increasing to 68.8% at the 6-month follow-up. Estimates of within-group effect sizes showed strong effects of treatment. Conclusion The results of the present study suggest that manual-guided CBT for childhood OCD can be successfully implemented in non-academic community child psychiatric settings with outcomes in accordance with previous findings from highly specialised university clinics.