Predictors of residual tricuspid regurgitation after mitral valve surgery

Background Whether preoperative tricuspid regurgitation (TR) will regress or progress late after surgery is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate predictors of significant TR late after mitral valve surgery. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on a total of 174 patients who underwent mitral valve surgery without tricuspid valve surgery. Preoperatively, 46 patients (26%) had 2+ TR, and 128 patients (74%) had 1+ or less TR. Postoperative 3+ TR was considered significant TR. Variables were used to evaluate predictors of TR development by univariate or multivariate analysis. Results The mean follow-up was 8.2 years (range 1.0 to 14.5 years) after surgery. There was progressive TR (3+ or more) in 28 patients (16%) during the follow-up period. In univariate analysis, atrial fibrillation, rheumatic etiology, huge left atrium, left ventricular dysfunction, and preoperative 2+ TR were significant risk factors for TR development. Multivariate analysis identified preoperative 2+ TR, atrial fibrillation, and huge left atrium as statistically significant predictors for late TR after surgery. Conclusions Aggressive repair of accompanying TR should be undertaken at the time of initial surgery in patients with huge left atrium or atrial fibrillation, even if preoperative TR is 2+.