Visualization of diaphragmatic fenestration associated with catamenial pneumothorax

Catamenial pneumothorax is a rare entity of unknown etiology characterized by recurrent accumulation of air in the thoracic space during or preceding menstruation. We documented the presence of a diaphragmatic fenestration during thoracoscopy, lending support for hypotheses involving diaphragmatic defects as possible avenues of air collection in the thorax.