Outcomes of sonography-based management of breast cysts

Background Ultrasound is commonly used during diagnosis of breast lesions. Our purpose was to study the role of sonography for risk stratification of malignancy in the diagnosis and management of palpable breast cysts. Methods This was a cohort study of 176 patients with palpable breast cysts. Sonographic findings were correlated with clinical and pathologic outcomes. Results Mean cyst size was 2.0 ± 1.8 cm. Cysts were simple, complex and probably benign, and complex and suspicious for neoplasm in 82.25%, 10.25% and 7.5% of patients, respectively. Thick cyst wall (P = 0.0001), mural tumor (P <0.00001), eccentric mass (P = 0.034), and internal septae (P = 0.031) were predictive of neoplasm. Of cysts >3 cm, 33% were cancerous (P = 0.000027). After 378 days of follow-up, 26 % of cysts had recurred. Recurrence was more frequent in patients with bilateral or multiple cysts (P = 0.004). Conclusions Sonography is useful in risk stratification of malignancy in breast cysts. There is a high risk of recurrence after cyst aspiration.