Genome scan of systemic biomarkers of vascular inflammation in the Framingham Heart Study: Evidence for susceptibility loci on 1q

Vascular inflammation plays a central role in atherosclerosis and inflammatory biomarkers predict risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Thus, finding genes that influence systemic levels of inflammatory biomarkers may provide insights into genetic determinants of vascular inflammation and CVD. We conducted variance-component linkage analyses of blood levels of four biomarkers of vascular inflammation [C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1)] in 304 extended families from the Framingham Heart Study, using data from a 10 cM genome scan. We computed p-values by a permutation approach. Heritability estimates ranged from 14% (IL-6) to 44% (MCP-1) after log transforming and adjusting for covariates. Significant linkage to MCP-1 was found on chromosome 1 (LOD = 4.27 at 186 cM; genome-wide p = 0.005), in a region containing inflammatory candidate genes such as SELE, SELP (E- and P-selectin) and CRP. Other linkage peaks with LOD scores >2 were found for MCP-1 on chromosome 1 (LOD = 2.04 at 16 cM; LOD = 2.34 at 70 cM) and chromosome 17 (LOD = 2.44 at 22 cM) and for sICAM-1 on chromosome 1 at 229 cM (LOD = 2.09) less than 5 cM from the interleukin-10 (IL10) gene. Multiple genes on chromosome 1 may influence inflammatory biomarker levels and may have a potential role in development of CVD.