Identification of Triticum aestivum L., Triticum spelta L. and Triticum durum DESF. genotypes on the HMW-GS base

The main goal of this work was to identify genotypes of three wheat species (Triticum aestivum L., Triticum spelta L., Triticum durum DESF.) on the basis of individual high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) and to predict their technological quality. Detection of HMW-GS was carried out by the standard reference method ISTA SDS-PAGE and the Glu-score was calculated according to the catalogue of alleles for HMW-GS. Among the common wheat varieties the highest Glu-score (10) was determined for the cultivars Axis, Istra and Solara. The most frequently occurring HMW-GS in genotypes of Triticum aestivum L. were 0; 7 + 9; 5 + 10. On the other hand, in the spelt wheat the highest frequency of HMW-GS was detected for 2*; 6 + 8; 2 + 12. The Glu-score for Triticum spelta L. genotypes ranged from 6 to 8. Among the Triticum durum DESF. cultivars, up to 71% were characterized by Glu-score 4, which predetermines them for special baking purposes. The most frequent combination of HMW-GS in durum wheat was 0 and 7 + 8. Thus, SDS PAGE of HMW-GS can be used for identification, differentiation and characterization of different species of wheat and for prediction of bread-making quality of wheat.