Iran and Germanyʹʹs New Geopolitics

پايان جنگ سرد موجب تحول جغرافياي سياسي آلمان و افزايش قدرت بين‌المللي اين كشور گرديد. وحدت دوباره و دسترسي آسان‌تر به فضاي سياسي و اقتصادي مركز و شرق اروپا موقعيت آلمان را در اتحاديه اروپا به سطح يك قدرت برتر ارتقا بخشيد. اين كشور با رشد روزافزون اقتصادي و افزايش خيره كننده توان صادراتي خود توانست به يك بازيگر بين‌المللي فعال ولي با مختصاتي متفاوت از قدرت‌هاي بزرگ سنتي همچون روسيه و آمريكا در عرصه جهاني ظاهر گردد. ظرفيت جديد بين‌المللي آلمان موجب بازسازي روابط خارجي اين كشور با بسياري از كشورها از جمله ايران گرديد. مقاله حاضر در پي بررسي و تحليل تحول قدرت ژيوپوليتيكي آلمان و تبعات آن بر روابط اتحاديه اروپا با ايران كه خود نيز چنين تحولي را با فروپاشي شوروي و دسترسي مجدد ژيوپوليتيكي به منطقه آسياي مركزي و قفقاز تجربه نموده است، مي‌باشد.

The end of the Cold War changed Germanyʹs political geography and increased its international clout. Germanyʹs reunification and its easier access to the political and economic space of Central and Eastern Europe enhanced Germany’s overall power within the European Union. With its increasing economic strength and robust exporting capacity, it was poised to emerge as an even greater international actor in the global arena, although its strengths were markedly different from those of traditional great powers such as Russia and the United States. The new Germanyʹs global capacity led to the redefinition of its external relations with many countries including Iran. This article attempts to analyze Germanyʹs evolving geopolitical power dynamic and its implications for relations between the EU and Iran which in turn experienced a similar upsurge in potential opportunities with the collapse of the Soviet Union and the regaining of access to Central Asia and the Caucasus which had been integral parts of the Persian Empire until the first quarter of the 19 century.