Transition metal complexes containing P((C)6(H)5)((C)6(H)4Cl-2)2. The effect of added Lewis bases as a probe for substitution reactions occurring in ambient temperature Suzuki couplings catalyzed by Pd/P((C)6(H)5)((C)6(H)4Cl-2)2

In multivariate data with n individuals described by p variables it is usual to assume that the variables are fixed and the individuals are randomly selected; in the present study we assume that the individuals are fixed and the previously normalised variables are randomly selected from a population of variables. When we want to associate to the sample of variables a distribution, like the Bingham distribution, it is important to use beforehand a test of uniformity. In this article, we compare the power of Bingham and Gine tests of uniformity for some dimensions of the sphere, vs. a Bingham population or a mixture of Bingham populations.