Degradation of polydimethylsiloxane fluids in the environment — a review

Due to their insolubility in water and high adsorption coefficient, liquid polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) discharged as effluent will adsorb to particulate matter and, therefore, will become a component of sewage sludge during waste water treatment. The subsequent environmental fate of PDMS will depend on the fate of the sludge. Due to increasing practices of soil amendment with sewage sludge the principal environmental compartment receiving PDMS fluids is the soil. Degradation of PDMS is a common process taking place in many different types of soils. It occurs through a unique combination of environmental degradation processes. Initial hydrolysis of PDMS is catalysed by clay minerals, the principal component of soil. The primary hydrolysis product, dimethylsilanediol (DMSD), is then either biodegraded, or evaporated into the atmosphere, where it is subsequently oxidised in the presence of sunlight. The end products in both cases are expected to be CO2, SiO2 and H2O.