Dissipation of alachlor in cotton plant, soil and water and its bioaccumulation in fish

Dissipation of alachlor in soil and plant in field condition (cotton cropping system), and in soil, water and fish in simulated model ecosystem was investigated. The acetanilide herbicide, alachlor (50% w/w EC) was applied as pre-emergence at 2.5 and 5.0 kg a.i. ha−1 three days after sowing the cotton seeds in the field. Soil and plant samples were collected at intervals and analyzed for alachlor residues. To study the fate of alachlor in water and fish, a simulated model ecosystem was constructed and fish was introduced one day after herbicide application. The dissipation of alachlor in water and soil and bioaccumulation in fish was observed in model ecosystem. At harvest, cotton lint and seed samples were found to contain alachlor well below the detectable level. However, trace amounts of residues were found in cotton oil. After harvest of cotton, coriander (Coriandrum sativum) and edible amaranth (Amaranthus mangostanus L.) were raised for herbicide bioassay. The green leafy vegetable samples did not show any toxic symptoms of alachlor residues.