Hilatar, a limited area simulation model of acid contaminants—Part II: long-term simulation results

This paper summarises multi-annual simulation studies with the Eulerian transport-chemistry model Hilatar over Europe and the Baltic Sea region. The modelled concentration and deposition fields and model-measurement intercomparison results are presented and variability patterns are analysed. Although the European emissions slightly decreased during the study period, no clear decreasing trend in deposition was detected over any sub-area surrounding the Baltic Sea, partly due to the strong inter-annual meteorological variability. The study has generated a continuously updated data base for environmental research projects containing gridded fluxes and concentrations over Europe.