The removal of estrogenic activity and control of brominated by-products during ozonation of secondary effluents

The purposes of this study were to investigate the behavior of brominated by-products, such as bromate ion and total organic bromide, formed during ozonation for the removal of estrogenic activity in sewage effluents and to propose operation parameters for the ozonation process. It is necessary to reduce the E2 equivalent concentration of estrogenic activity in secondary effluent treated by 90% of the initial one. To do so, ozonation until dissolved ozone concentration increased to 0.1 mg/L (which corresponds to approximately 1 mg O3/mg DOC0 [consumed ozone per initial DOC] of consumed ozone for the effluent in this study) is proposed as an operation parameter for ozonation without the formation of brominated by-products.