Environmental consequences of using residues

There is an increased production of waste in society. Action must be taken not only to reduce the volume, but also to find use for the residues that remain. At the same time, there is increasing objection to utilisation of residues, because of the risk of polluting soil and ground water. Analysis based on a life-cycle approach must be encouraged to handle the whole problem. Test methods and risk assessment procedures are then needed which are relevant to residues used in different applications. The paper discusses the use of residues in the construction industry. The presentation deals with the possibilities and difficulties in using residues. Comparisons are made between the impact of using such natural materials as sand and gravel, and residues. Specific uses and test methods are not discussed in the paper.