Controls and incentives: A framework for the utilisation of bulk wastes

This paper examines the economic, legal and environmental parameters within which the utilisation of bulk wastes takes place. Using the example of construction and demolition (C&D) wastes in a number of European countries the paper demonstrates that the amounts of waste reutilised and the uses to which those wastes are put are dependent on both regulatory conditions and the level of economic incentives available. The effective regulation of waste is regarded as essential in minimising the level of C&D which are “lost” to the reutilisation stream. The taxation of raw materials for construction will also be addressed in determining the contribution that this might make to the reutilisation of bulk wastes.