IgE and IgG4 antibody responses to Aedes saliva in African children

Aedes mosquitoes are the major vectors of (re)-emerging infections including arboviruses (dengue, Chikungunya, yellow fever) in developing countries. Moreover, the emergence of Aedes-borne diseases in the developed world is currently a source of concern. Evaluation of human immune responses to Aedes bites could be a useful immuno-epidemiological tool for evaluating exposure to Aedes-borne diseases and thus predicting the risk of such emerging diseases. Specific IgE and IgG4 antibody (Ab) responses to Aedes aegypti saliva were evaluated in young Senegalese children living in an area of exposure to the Aedes vector. Specific IgE and IgG4 responses increased during rainy season of high exposure to Aedes bites. In addition, the evolution of anti-saliva isotype levels during the rainy season presented spatial heterogeneity between the studied villages. These preliminaries results support the potential approach of using anti-saliva Ab responses for evaluating exposure to Aedes vectors and risks of emerging arbovirus infections.