Top-down mass spectrometry on low-resolution instruments: Characterization of phosphopantetheinylated carrier domains in polyketide and non-ribosomal biosynthetic pathways

Mass spectrometry (MS) is an important tool for studying non-ribosomal peptide, polyketide, and fatty acid biosynthesis. Here we describe a new approach using multi-stage tandem MS on a common ion trap instrument to obtain high-resolution measurements of the masses of substrates and intermediates bound to phosphopantetheinylated (holo) carrier proteins. In particular, we report the chemical formulas of 12 diagnostic MS3 fragments of the phosphopantetheine moiety ejected from holo carrier proteins during MS2. We demonstrate our method by observing the formation of holo-AcpC, a putative acyl carrier protein from Streptococcus agalactiae.