Cryopreservation of axillary shoot tips of in vitro-grown grape (Vitis) by a two-step vitrification protocol

Variation in 39 polymorphic RAPD markers was studied for 18 populations of Solanum anguivi, S. aethiopicum Gilo group and S. aethiopicum Shum group in Uganda. UPGMA and PCO analyses of the data revealed no clear groupings corresponding to the species and groups. An AMOVA analysis of the genetic variation showed that the variation among species and groups was less than 10%, whereas the variation within species and groups was more than 90%. A Mantel test showed no correlation between genetic distance and geographic distance. The data gives only very weak support for the separation of the more morphologically distinct S. aethiopicum and S. anguivi. The Gilo- and Shum-groups of S. aethiopicum, which were previously regarded as two separate species can not be separated on the basis of RAPD data, and it is most likely that they are kept morphologically distinct by a strong man-made selection pressure.