Identification of clusters of companies in stock indices via Potts super-paramagnetic transitions

The clustering of companies within a specific stock market index is studied by means of super-paramagnetic transitions of an appropriate q-state Potts model where the spins correspond to companies and the interactions are functions of the correlation coefficients determined from the time dependence of the companies’ individual stock prices. The method is a generalization of the clustering algorithm by Domany et al. to the case of anti-ferromagnetic interactions corresponding to anti-correlations. For the Dow Jones industrial average where no anti-correlations were observed in the investigated time period, the previous results obtained by different tools were well reproduced. For the Standard & Poorʹs 500, where anti-correlations occur, repulsion between stocks modify the cluster structure.