Goldstone-mode effects and scaling function for the three-dimensional O(4) model Original Research Article

We investigate numerically the three-dimensional O(4) model on 243–1203 lattices as a function of the magnetic field H. We verify explicitly the singularities induced by Goldstone modes in the low-temperature phase of the model, and show that they are also observed close to the critical temperature. Our results are well described by the perturbative form of the modelʹs magnetic equation of state, with coefficients determined nonperturbatively from our data. The resulting expression is used to generate the magnetizationʹs scaling function parametrically.