Scale anomaly and “soft” pomeron in QCD Original Research Article

We propose a new non-perturbative approach to hadronic interactions at high energies and small momentum transfer, which is based on the scale anomaly of QCD and emphasizes the rôle of semi-classical vacuum fields. We find that the hadron scattering amplitudes exhibit Regge behavior and evaluate the intercept α(0) of the corresponding trajectory. Both the intercept and the scale for the slope of the trajectory appear to be determined by the energy density of non-perturbative QCD vacuum (the gluon condensate). Numerically, we find Δ≡α(0)−1=0.08÷0.1 , consistent with the values ascribed phenomenologically to the “soft” pomeron. For arbitrary numbers of colors Nc and flavors Nf , Δ is found to be proportional to (Nf/Nc)2 ; however, in the large Nc (Nf fixed) limit, Δ∼Nc0 .