An appraisal of Sustainable Grazing Systems: the program, the triple bottom line impacts and the sustainability of grazing systems

The Sustainable Grazing Systems (SGS) Program operated across the high rainfall zone (HRZ, annual rainfall >600 mm/year) of southern Australia from July 1996 to June 2001. An additional year (the harvest year) was added, to provide time for focussed analysis and product development. A survey of livestock producers across the HRZ confirmed achievement of the goal that at least 2000 producers adopted (and a further 5000 were trialing) more profitable and sustainable grazing systems as a result of the program. SGS was established to address declining pasture productivity and emerging environmental problems in the grazing systems of the HRZ, and though initially focussed on the twin goals of profitability and sustainability, the program evolved to formally include social issues and the full ʹtriple bottom lineʹ approach. Within SGS, success was defined as the extent to which the program was able to assist the grazing industries build financial, social and environmental capital. The suite of papers in this Special Edition provides a comprehensive account of the research and extension ʹresultsʹ from the SGS Program. Rather than summarising those results, this paper reviews and reflects on the triple bottom line outcomes; the contribution of SGS to the elements of a sustainable grazing system; the impact of grazing method on production and sustainability; and the outcomes from the harvest year. The final section examines the SGS structures and processes that most contributed to the success of the program and advances some suggestions for improvements to future R,D&E programs.