Survey the Coliform Pollution in an Iranian River: the Safirood River of Maragheh City

In this survey, in order to study the coliform pollution from surface layer of Safirod river in Maragheh city, East Azerbaijan, Iran, a quarterly sampling has been conducted during a year (2011-2012) in eleven stations with fifteen replicates. The pollution was completely examined by ENDO standard diagnosis method of Coliform. The results showed that, the highest pollution has been in the exit of village (Ashan). The highest Coliform count was seen during summer amounting to (28.5) coliform in 100 cm3 and fecal coliform (Escherichia coli=9) in 100 cm3 river water. In summer season, due to the high temperature, growth of bacteria was/is more than ever and furthermore, in the delta area because of calm flowing of water, it is passing through the city and agricultural centers and also entering garbage into it, the amount of pollution has been apparently reached a high level in comparison with other parts of the rivers with rapid flowing of water. From the results of this study, it was concluded that a considerable control of coliform pollution in particular in summer season along with mentioned effective factors is required to Safirood river of Iran to produce more natural and drinking waters and it can be considered as a protective strategy in all city rivers of globe for reduce the negative effects of infectious E. coli on people.