Design of FPGA-based Digital PID Controller Using Xilinx SysGen® For Regulating Blood Glucose Level of Type-I Diabetic Patients

This paper emphasizes on a method for designing digital PID controller based on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) device for regulating blood glucose level of type-I diabetic patients. The controller is tuned using Bergman Minimal model as a diabetic patient model in MATLAB and Simulink environment. The PID parameters are tuned using a genetic algorithm (GA). Because the speed of control systems has influence on their performance and stability, Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) device is considered. A Simulink to FPGA flow is applied to the structure of PID controller with Xilinx blocks in Simulink. The results of blood glucose of two diabetic patient models using different quantization in bits are simulated. The results show that unsuitable number of bits cause hypoglycemia and increasing the peak of blood glucose in diabetic patients. System Generator and Integrated Software Environment (ISE) are used for creating Bitstream file that can be downloaded into FPGA device. The results show that implementation of PID controller on FPGA using System Generator is compact and high speed and causes the designer can evaluate and implement different designs simply.