The Effect of Rebadioside A on Attenuation of Oxidative Stress in ‎Kidney of Mice under Acetaminophen Toxicity

Background: Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose causes renal and hepatic injury. It is ‎also believed that oxidative stress has a pivotal role in APAP-induced renal injury. ‎Therefore, protective effects of different antioxidants have been examined in APAP-‎induced renal and hepatic toxicity models. Stevia rebadiana is a plant with a high ‎degree of natural antioxidant activity in its leaf extract. The aim of this study was to ‎investigate the possible protective effects of rebadioside A; one of the main components ‎of stevia extract, on APAP-induced oxidative stress in kidney of mice. ‎ Methods: Oxidative stress was induced in kidney of BALB/c mice by the intraperitoneal ‎‎(i.p.) administration of a single dose of 300 mg/kg APAP. Some of these mice also ‎received rebadioside A (700 mg/kg) (i.p.) 30 minutes after APAP injection. Two and six ‎hours after APAP injection, all mice were sacrificed and malondialdehyde (MDA), ‎glutathione (GSH), free APAP, and glutathione conjugated of APAP (APAP-GSH) were ‎determined in the kidney tissue.‎ Results: GSH depletion and MDA levels significantly (P < 0.05) increased in mice treated ‎with either APAP or APAP plus Rebadioside A, respectively in 2 and 6 hours intervals ‎after APAP administration. Significantly (P < 0.05) higher levels of free APAP and ‎APAP-GSH levels detected in kidney of mice administrated with APAP plus rebadioside ‎A compared to APAP treated ones.‎ Conclusion: Rebadioside A may be a potential compound in alleviation of APAP-‎induced oxidative stress in kidney of mice after APAP overdoses. ‎