Aflatoxin M1 contamination in milk from five dairy species in Pakistan

Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk samples of five different species of mammals from the area of Faisalabad district of the Punjab province of Pakistan was determined by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescent detection. Immunoaffinity columns were used for clean-up purposes which are based on the principle of affinity chromatography. The present study has been designed to find the milk which is safe from aflatoxin contamination point of view. Total 169 milk samples were analyzed and these were taken from five species made up of 55, 40, 30, 24, and 20 samples of buffaloes, cows, goats, sheep, and camels respectively. The percentage of AFM1 contamination in buffalo milk, cow milk, goat milk, and sheep milk has been found to be 34.5%, 37.5%, 20%, and 16.7%, respectively. AFM1 contamination has not been detected in the camel milk