Optimization of low-cholesterol–low-fat mayonnaise formulation: Effect of using soy milk and some stabilizer by a mixture design approach

In the present study, the optimized mixture proportions of low cholesterol-low fat mayonnaise contained soy milk as an egg yolk substitute (10%) with different composition of xanthan gum (XG), guar gum (GG) and mono- & diglycerides emulsifier (MDG) (0–0.36% of each component) were determined by applying the simplex-centroid mixture design method to achieve the desired stability, textural and rheological properties and sensory characteristics for effective formulation process. Results revealed that the best mixture was the formulation contained 6.7% mono- & diglycerides, 36.7% guar gum and 56.7% xanthan gum. The xanthan gum was the component showing the highest effect on all the properties of mayonnaise samples. In addition, an increase of xanthan gum followed by guar gum caused greater values for the stability, heat stability, consistency coefficient, viscosity, firmness, adhesiveness, adhesive force and overall acceptance and lower value for flow behavior index. Depending on the desirable level of xanthan gum, guar gum and mono- & diglycerides, creation of low cholesterol-low fat mayonnaise with properties closely matching those of commercial ones is possible.