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USE OF BIOCONTROL FUNGI, Bacillus thuringiensis AND ORGANIC SOIL AMENDMENT TO CONTROL ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE (Meloidogyne incognita) IN TOMATO AND EGGPLANT.

Ibrahim G. H نويسنده , Al-Rehiayani S. M نويسنده , Bellal M نويسنده

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USE OF BIOCONTROL FUNGI, Bacillus thuringiensis AND ORGANIC SOIL AMENDMENT TO CONTROL ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE (Meloidogyne incognita) IN TOMATO AND EGGPLANT.gal colonization was determined for females and cysts of Heterodera avenae on wheat roots or rhizosphere soil, and also determined for eggs and juveniles of Meloidogyne incognita on tomato. The common fungi isolated from H. avenae were Fusarium oxysporum, Pacilomyces lilacnus, Verticillium chlamydosporium and Rhizoctonia solani. Also, the common fungi isolated from M. incognita were Aspergillus spp., Alternaria alternate, F. oxysporum, P. lilacnus and V. chlamydosporium. The effect of biocontrol fungi which isolated from H. avenae or M. incognita as well as the antagonistic bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis were examined against root-knot nematode infected tomato plants and the results indicated that the highest reduction in galls was observed with P. lilacnus (82.92%) followed by V. chlamydosporium (77.6%), B. thuringiensis (60.91%) and F. oxysporum(27.92%) as compared with plants infected with M. incognita alone. Also, these biocontrol organisms improved the growth of tomato plants in both shoot and root dry weights. The highest increase in root dry weight percentage was recorded when plants treated with non-pathogenic conidia of F. oxysporum (223.69%), followed by V. chlamydosporium (200.58%) and P. lilacnus (196.53%), while the least increase was recorded with treatment of B. thuringiensis (78.03%) as compared with M. incognita. Similarly, the effect of organic soil amendment were examined against root-knot nematode in eggplants and the results showed that chicken manure alone gave the highest gall reduction (59.02%), followed by eucalyptus leaves and stems dry powder (38.37%), and the mixture of chicken and eucalyptus (39.33%) Organic soil amendments also improved the plant growth of eggplants. Chicken manure gave the highest increase in shoot dry weight (755.6%) followed by mixture of chicken and eucalyptus (570.19%), while the least increase was recorded with eucalyptus treatment (102.33). Keywords: Biocontrol agents, Bacillus thuringiensis, Fungi, Meloidogyne incognita, organic soil amendment, Tomato, Eggplant.

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