Calculation the Potential Energy Surface and the Effective Charge for Even – Even Gd (A=١٤٠-١٦٠) Isotopes

The Interaction Boson Model (IBM-1) has been used in this study. The structures of Gd(A=140-160) isotopes have been examined. The (IBS1.for) program has been used to calculate the parameters needed for potential energy surface calculations. Two subroutines have been written and attached to interacting boson model to calculate the potential energy surface V( , ) and the boson effective charge in terms of Fermions charge respectively. The contour plots deduced from the potential energy surface show transition behavior and deformed rotor for these isotopes. The relation between the effective charges which evaluated by using effective charge of fermions and by (IBM-1) as a function of the angular momentum, show good agreement.