فاعلية توظيف كل من استراتيجيتي ايشيكاوا والكلمة المفتاحية في تدريس مادة الاحياء وانعكاسها على القراءة الاستراتيجية ومهارات التفكير المعرفي عند طلاب الصف الخامس العلمي (الاحيائي)

The research aims at identifying the effectiveness of employing both Ishikawa strategies and the key word in teaching biology and its reflection on strategic reading and cognitive thinking skills among the fifth grade students. The researcher selected the study sample from all students in the fifth grade (2016 - 2017) from the Al-Furat Secondary School for Boys under the Directorate General of Education Baghdad Al-Karkh / 1 and the chosen means, (46) students distributed randomly on two divisions (A, B). The total number of students in Division A is 24 students studying using the Ishikawa strategy, and the total number of students in Division B is 22 students studying using the keyword strategy. The equivalence of the two groups was verified in some variables that are believed to affect the results of the experiment: age, previous achievement in biology, strategic reading scale, and cognitive skills testing. The two groups were equal in all variables. As for the research tool, the researcher adopted the strategic reading scale with some modifications, the final form of which was (30) paragraphs. The researcher also prepared the skills of cognitive thinking, which consisted of (30) paragraphs. After completing the research experiment, In the strategic reading scale and the testing of cognitive thinking skills, the experimental group taught in Ishikawa's post-test strategy is superior to strategic reading and cognitive thinking skills to the control group taught using the keyword strategy.