SEMIMAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS

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Semimagnetic semiconductors (SMS) are a group of solids at the interface between semiconductors and magnetic materials. Semimagnetic semiconductors (also referred to as diluted magnetic semiconductors) are semiconductor-based solid solutions where a part of the cations are replaced by transition metals or rare earth elements. The crystallographic structure of the semiconductor is conserved; the lattice constant is a function of composition. From a magnetic point of view SMS is a disordered magnetic material, since magnetic atoms are randomly distributed in cation sublattice of the semiconductor compound. Table 1 presents the most complete list of bulk ternary SMS. Quaternary SMS are also investigated (e.g., PbSnMnTe or CdMnSeTe). The table does not contain III-V SMS obtained by MBE technique, although these broadly investigated materials can be treated as 3D bulk crystals. The table contains only crystals obtained under thermodynamic equilibrium conditions, whilst III-V SMS and some other SMS obtained by MBE are rather metastable structures.