Using Elliptic Air-Holes in a Photonic Crystal Fiber to Obtain Ultra-Flattened Dispersion and Ultra-Low Confinement loss

Using Elliptic Air-Holes in a Photonic Crystal Fiber to Obtain Ultra-Flattened Dispersion and Ultra-Low Confinement loss

In this article, a novel photonic crystal fiber (PCF) structure with elliptic air-holes is proposed. The proposed PCF shows ultra-flattened dispersion and ultra-low confinement losscharacteristics in C-band to U-band. The design strategy to achieve ultra-flattened dispersion is based on replacing twocircular air-hole rings with elliptic air-hole rings. The elliptic air-hole characteristics (width and height) are optimized to obtain ultra-flattened dispersion. Furthermore, in this paperup-doped core is used to reduce confinement loss. The validity of the proposed design is carried out by employing a 2-D finitedifference frequency domain method (FDFD) with perfectly matched layers PML