Dye-contaminated effluent: microbial methods for long-term remediation

Dyes are among the most generally utilized chemical substances in everyday life. Azo dyes are quite resistant and stable; as a result, dye release provides an ecotoxic concern and a possibility of bioaccumulation, potentially affecting plants and animals. Color eradication from effluent is limited in traditional treatment techniques. Physico-chemical procedures are used, but they are still affected by the economy-to-scale of application concept, which results in the production of harmful and hazardous byproducts that are difficult to dispose of. Biological processes incorporating bacteria, plants, or their products (such as enzymes) are suggested as potential cost-effective methods for decolorization and degradation of textile dyes. This review paper aims to discuss the importance of dye Biodecolorization and biodegradation, with a focus on recent developments as well as future prospects.