مرکز منطقه ای اطلاع رساني علوم و فناوري - Determination of Phenological, Pomological and Chemical Properties of some Apple (Malus communis L.) Cultivars Grown in Erzurum Province

Abstract :

This study was carried out in the year 2012 to determine some phenological, pomological, and chemical characteristics of 13 standard apple varieties, such as cottage cvs. (Vista Bella, and Yazlık-1), autumn cvs. (Royal Gala, Ak Sakı,and Hüryemez), and winter cvs. (Starkrimson Delicious, Kaşel-37, Golden Delicious, Jonagold, Granny Smith, Starking Delicious, Starkspur Golden Delicious, and Amasya), grown in Erzurum ecological conditions. Full bloom and harvest dates ofapples varied between 13 May (Ak Sakı and Yazlık-1) - 20 May (Granny Smith) and 12 August (Vista Bella) - 29 October (Granny Smith), respectively. Duration until full bloom to harvest ranged between 89 days (Vista Bella) to 162 days (Granny Smith). Fruit weight of apple varieties varied between 51.35 g (Yazlık-1) - 183.16 g (Starking Delicious), total soluble solid values ranged through 7.73% (Hüryemez) to 14.60%(Golden Delicious). While total acidity varied between 1.12g l^-1 (Hüryemez,Amasya) - 4.06g l^-1 (Ak Sakı), pH ranged 2.9 (Royal Gala) to 3.9 (Amasya). Results obtained have shown that cottage and autumn apple varieties should be selected for growing in this ecological condition. However, some winter cultivars can also be preferable for growing. In order to make sustainable organic farming and good agricultural practices these varieties should be selected even in micro scales.