The application of silicon avalanche diodes on low-voltage power systems

Application guidelines are presented for silicon avalanche diodes (SADs) for use as surge protection on low-voltage power networks. The advantages of SADs are low clamping voltage and negligible aging, with a disadvantage of low energy-handling capability. For an SAD to be used successfully in a certain situation, three conditions need to be met: 1) the equipment must require a low clamping voltage; 2) the SAD must be able to survive in the particular environment; and 3) the SAD must be installed in such a way as not to compromise the protection level.